Mongolia is one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world and ranks 18th globally in terms of land area; however, it has one of the lowest population densities. The country is well known for its vast steppes, majestic mountain ranges, expansive Gobi desert dunes, and crystal-clear blue lakes. Geographically, it is a landlocked country located in the central part of Asia, between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China.
Historically, the Mongol Empire founded by Genghis Khan left a profound impact on world history. Modern-day Mongolia is a unique nation that preserves both nomadic traditions and contemporary development. Mongolians are widely recognized for their hospitality and take great pride in sharing their rich cultural heritage and history with visitors.
Area: 1,564,116 km²
Location: Landlocked country situated between Russia and China
Capital: Ulaanbaatar
Population: Approximately 3.5 million (as of 2025)
Official language: Mongolian (a relatively young nation; some people also speak English, Chinese, Korean, and Russian)
Religion: Predominantly Buddhism, with small communities practicing Shamanism, Christianity, and Islam